2021-01-28更新——正弦条件：如果视场较小，其边缘点可认为与轴上点很靠近，这种近轴物点的像差性质要比远轴点简单得多。当光学系统对轴上点成完善像时，使在垂轴方向上与之无限靠近的物点也成完善像的充>必要条件称为正弦条件（sine condition)。这就是说，若光学系统满足正弦条件，就能对小视场物面完善成像。n'y'sinU'=nysinU，即(nsinU)/(n'sinU')/=β
当物体位于无穷远时，sinU=0，正弦条件须表示成另一种形式。以-（l-f)/f代替β，并有lsinU=h，可导出h/(sinU')=f'
| 倍率 | 数值孔径（NA-正弦值） | 焦距（F） | 出瞳直径(2*NA*F) | 分辨率(0.5λ/NA)[um]--λ取0.55um |
| 2x | 0.04 | 90 | 7.2 | 6.875 |
| 0.06 | 90 | 10.8 | 4.583 | |
| 0.08 | 90 | 14.4 | 3.438 | |
| 4x | 0.1 | 45 | 9 | 2.750 |
| 0.13 | 45 | 11.7 | 2.115 | |
| 0.15 | 45 | 13.5 | 1.833 | |
| 5x | 0.1 | 36 | 7.2 | 2.750 |
| 0.13 | 36 | 9.36 | 2.115 | |
| 0.15 | 36 | 10.8 | 1.833 | |
| 10x | 0.25 | 18 | 9 | 1.100 |
| 0.3 | 18 | 10.8 | 0.917 | |
| 0.4 | 18 | 14.4 | 0.688 | |
| 0.45 | 18 | 16.2 | 0.611 | |
| 20x | 0.4 | 9 | 7.2 | 0.688 |
| 0.45 | 9 | 8.1 | 0.611 | |
| 0.5 | 9 | 9 | 0.550 | |
| 0.55 | 9 | 9.9 | 0.500 | |
| 0.6 | 9 | 10.8 | 0.458 | |
| 0.65 | 9 | 11.7 | 0.423 | |
| 0.7 | 9 | 12.6 | 0.393 | |
| 0.75 | 9 | 13.5 | 0.367 | |
| 0.8 | 9 | 14.4 | 0.344 | |
| 0.85 | 9 | 15.3 | 0.324 | |
| 0.9 | 9 | 16.2 | 0.306 | |
| 0.95 | 9 | 17.1 | 0.289 | |
| 1 | 9 | 18 | 0.275 | |
| 1.1 | 9 | 19.8 | 0.250 | |
| 1.2 | 9 | 21.6 | 0.229 | |
| 1.25 | 9 | 22.5 | 0.220 | |
| 1.3 | 9 | 23.4 | 0.212 | |
| 1.35 | 9 | 24.3 | 0.204 | |
| 1.4 | 9 | 25.2 | 0.196 | |
| 1.45 | 9 | 26.1 | 0.190 | |
| 40x | 0.4 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 0.688 |
| 0.45 | 4.5 | 4.05 | 0.611 | |
| 0.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 0.550 | |
| 0.55 | 4.5 | 4.95 | 0.500 | |
| 0.6 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 0.458 | |
| 0.65 | 4.5 | 5.85 | 0.423 | |
| 0.7 | 4.5 | 6.3 | 0.393 | |
| 0.75 | 4.5 | 6.75 | 0.367 | |
| 0.8 | 4.5 | 7.2 | 0.344 | |
| 0.85 | 4.5 | 7.65 | 0.324 | |
| 0.9 | 4.5 | 8.1 | 0.306 | |
| 0.95 | 4.5 | 8.55 | 0.289 | |
| 1 | 4.5 | 9 | 0.275 | |
| 1.1 | 4.5 | 9.9 | 0.250 | |
| 1.2 | 4.5 | 10.8 | 0.229 | |
| 1.25 | 4.5 | 11.25 | 0.220 | |
| 1.3 | 4.5 | 11.7 | 0.212 | |
| 1.35 | 4.5 | 12.15 | 0.204 | |
| 1.4 | 4.5 | 12.6 | 0.196 | |
| 1.45 | 4.5 | 13.05 | 0.190 | |
| 50x | 0.4 | 3.6 | 2.88 | 0.688 |
| 0.45 | 3.6 | 3.24 | 0.611 | |
| 0.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 0.550 | |
| 0.55 | 3.6 | 3.96 | 0.500 | |
| 0.6 | 3.6 | 4.32 | 0.458 | |
| 0.65 | 3.6 | 4.68 | 0.423 | |
| 0.7 | 3.6 | 5.04 | 0.393 | |
| 0.75 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 0.367 | |
| 0.8 | 3.6 | 5.76 | 0.344 | |
| 0.85 | 3.6 | 6.12 | 0.324 | |
| 0.9 | 3.6 | 6.48 | 0.306 | |
| 0.95 | 3.6 | 6.84 | 0.289 | |
| 1 | 3.6 | 7.2 | 0.275 | |
| 1.1 | 3.6 | 7.92 | 0.250 | |
| 1.2 | 3.6 | 8.64 | 0.229 | |
| 1.25 | 3.6 | 9 | 0.220 | |
| 1.3 | 3.6 | 9.36 | 0.212 | |
| 1.35 | 3.6 | 9.72 | 0.204 | |
| 1.4 | 3.6 | 10.08 | 0.196 | |
| 1.45 | 3.6 | 10.44 | 0.190 | |
| 60x | 0.4 | 3 | 2.4 | 0.688 |
| 0.45 | 3 | 2.7 | 0.611 | |
| 0.5 | 3 | 3 | 0.550 | |
| 0.55 | 3 | 3.3 | 0.500 | |
| 0.6 | 3 | 3.6 | 0.458 | |
| 0.65 | 3 | 3.9 | 0.423 | |
| 0.7 | 3 | 4.2 | 0.393 | |
| 0.75 | 3 | 4.5 | 0.367 | |
| 0.8 | 3 | 4.8 | 0.344 | |
| 0.85 | 3 | 5.1 | 0.324 | |
| 0.9 | 3 | 5.4 | 0.306 | |
| 0.95 | 3 | 5.7 | 0.289 | |
| 1 | 3 | 6 | 0.275 | |
| 1.1 | 3 | 6.6 | 0.250 | |
| 1.2 | 3 | 7.2 | 0.229 | |
| 1.25 | 3 | 7.5 | 0.220 | |
| 1.3 | 3 | 7.8 | 0.212 | |
| 1.35 | 3 | 8.1 | 0.204 | |
| 1.4 | 3 | 8.4 | 0.196 | |
| 1.45 | 3 | 8.7 | 0.190 | |
| 100x | 0.4 | 1.8 | 1.44 | 0.688 |
| 0.45 | 1.8 | 1.62 | 0.611 | |
| 0.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 0.550 | |
| 0.55 | 1.8 | 1.98 | 0.500 | |
| 0.6 | 1.8 | 2.16 | 0.458 | |
| 0.65 | 1.8 | 2.34 | 0.423 | |
| 0.7 | 1.8 | 2.52 | 0.393 | |
| 0.75 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.367 | |
| 0.8 | 1.8 | 2.88 | 0.344 | |
| 0.85 | 1.8 | 3.06 | 0.324 | |
| 0.9 | 1.8 | 3.24 | 0.306 | |
| 0.95 | 1.8 | 3.42 | 0.289 | |
| 1 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 0.275 | |
| 1.1 | 1.8 | 3.96 | 0.250 | |
| 1.2 | 1.8 | 4.32 | 0.229 | |
| 1.25 | 1.8 | 4.5 | 0.220 | |
| 1.3 | 1.8 | 4.68 | 0.212 | |
| 1.35 | 1.8 | 4.86 | 0.204 | |
| 1.4 | 1.8 | 5.04 | 0.196 | |
| 1.45 | 1.8 | 5.22 |
0.190 |
2021-04-17补充：NIKON资料
The effective diameter needed to achieve a desired N.A. can thus be found using this formula. In other words, the size of the pupil on an objective (effective diameter on the exit side) is expressed as:
D=2N.A.× f
出处：https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics/nikon-cfi60-optical-system
以下为近轴成像计算结果，不适用，不作参考。
|
|
正弦值 | 角度 | 焦距 | 正切值 | 出瞳直径 |
| 2x | 0.06 | 3.44 | 90 | 0.06 | 10.8 |
| 0.08 | 4.59 | 0.08 | 14.4 | ||
| 4x | 0.1 | 5.74 | 45 | 0.10 | 9.0 |
| 0.13 | 7.47 | 0.13 | 11.8 | ||
| 10x | 0.25 | 14.48 | 18 | 0.26 | 9.3 |
| 0.3 | 17.46 | 0.31 | 11.3 | ||
| 0.4 | 23.58 | 0.44 | 15.7 | ||
| 20x | 0.4 | 23.58 | 9 | 0.44 | 7.9 |
| 0.45 | 26.74 | 0.50 | 9.1 | ||
| 0.5 | 30.00 | 0.58 | 10.4 | ||
| 0.55 | 33.37 | 0.66 | 11.9 | ||
| 0.6 | 36.87 | 0.75 | 13.5 | ||
| 0.65 | 40.54 | 0.86 | 15.4 | ||
| 0.7 | 44.43 | 0.98 | 17.6 | ||
| 0.75 | 48.59 | 1.13 | 20.4 | ||
| 0.8 | 53.13 | 1.33 | 24.0 | ||
| 40x | 0.4 | 23.58 | 4.5 | 0.44 | 3.9 |
| 0.45 | 26.74 | 0.50 | 4.5 | ||
| 0.5 | 30.00 | 0.58 | 5.2 | ||
| 0.55 | 33.37 | 0.66 | 5.9 | ||
| 0.6 | 36.87 | 0.75 | 6.8 | ||
| 0.65 | 40.54 | 0.86 | 7.7 | ||
| 0.7 | 44.43 | 0.98 | 8.8 | ||
| 0.75 | 48.59 | 1.13 | 10.2 | ||
| 0.8 | 53.13 | 1.33 | 12.0 | ||
| 0.9 | 64.16 | 2.06 | 18.6 | ||
| 0.95 | 71.81 | 3.04 | 27.4 | ||
| 50x | 0.4 | 23.58 | 3.6 | 0.44 | 3.1 |
| 0.45 | 26.74 | 0.50 | 3.6 | ||
| 0.5 | 30.00 | 0.58 | 4.2 | ||
| 0.55 | 33.37 | 0.66 | 4.7 | ||
| 0.6 | 36.87 | 0.75 | 5.4 | ||
| 0.65 | 40.54 | 0.86 | 6.2 | ||
| 0.7 | 44.43 | 0.98 | 7.1 | ||
| 0.75 | 48.59 | 1.13 | 8.2 | ||
| 0.8 | 53.13 | 1.33 | 9.6 | ||
| 0.9 | 64.16 | 2.06 | 14.9 | ||
| 0.95 | 71.81 | 3.04 | 21.9 | ||
| 60x | 0.4 | 23.58 | 3 | 0.44 | 2.6 |
| 0.45 | 26.74 | 0.50 | 3.0 | ||
| 0.5 | 30.00 | 0.58 | 3.5 | ||
| 0.55 | 33.37 | 0.66 | 4.0 | ||
| 0.6 | 36.87 | 0.75 | 4.5 | ||
| 0.65 | 40.54 | 0.86 | 5.1 | ||
| 0.7 | 44.43 | 0.98 | 5.9 | ||
| 0.75 | 48.59 | 1.13 | 6.8 | ||
| 0.8 | 53.13 | 1.33 | 8.0 | ||
| 0.9 | 64.16 | 2.06 | 12.4 | ||
| 0.95 | 71.81 | 3.04 | 18.3 | ||
| 100x | 0.7 | 44.43 | 1.8 | 0.98 | 3.5 |
| 0.75 | 48.59 | 1.13 | 4.1 | ||
| 0.8 | 53.13 | 1.33 | 4.8 | ||
| 0.9 | 64.16 | 2.06 | 7.4 | ||
| 0.95 | 71.81 | 3.04 | 11.0 |
作者QQ及微信：49922779 
